Lapho bebuzwa ukuthi bakubona kanjani ngeso lengqondo ukuthi amarobhothi angase abukeke kanjani, abantu abaningi bacabanga ngamarobhothi amakhulu, aminyene asebenza ezindaweni ezibiyelwe zamafekthri amakhulu, noma amaqhawe ahlomile ahlomile alingisa ukuziphatha kwabantu.
Nokho, phakathi, into entsha buthule ivela: ukuvela okubizwa ngokuthi "ama-cobots", angasebenza ngokuqondile ngokubambisana nabasebenzi abangabantu ngaphandle kwesidingo socingo lokuphepha lokuzihlukanisa.Lolu hlobo lwe-cobot ngethemba lungakwazi ukuvala igebe phakathi kwemigqa yokuhlanganisa eyenziwe ngezandla ngokugcwele kanye naleyo ezenzakalelayo.Kuze kube manje, ezinye izinkampani, ikakhulukazi ama-SME, zisacabanga ukuthi i-robotic automation ibiza kakhulu futhi iyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke abakaze bacabange ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukufaka isicelo.
Amarobhothi endabuko ezimboni ngokuvamile anenqwaba, asebenza ngemuva kwezihlangu zengilazi, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezimoto nakweminye imigqa emikhulu yokuhlanganisa.Ngokuphambene, ama-cobots awasindi, aguquguquka kakhulu, ahambahamba, futhi angahlelwa kabusha ukuze axazulule imisebenzi emisha, ukusiza izinkampani ukuthi zizivumelanise nokukhiqizwa kwemishini esezingeni eliphansi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinselele zokukhiqiza isikhathi esifushane.E-United States, inani lamarobhothi asetshenziswa embonini yezimoto lisabala cishe u-65% wesamba sokuthengiswa kwemakethe.I-American Robot Industry Association (RIA), icaphuna idatha yezibukeli, ikholelwa ukuthi phakathi kwezinkampani ezingase zizuze kumarobhothi, yi-10% kuphela yezinkampani ezifake amarobhothi kuze kube manje.
Umenzi wosizo lokuzwa u-Odicon usebenzisa izingalo zerobhothi ze-UR5 ukuze enze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene endaweni etholakala kuyo, kuyilapho amathuluzi okumunca athathelwe indawo ngama-clamp omoya akwazi ukusingatha ukusakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi.Irobhothi elinama-eksisi ayisithupha linomjikelezo wemizuzwana emine ukuya kweyisikhombisa futhi lingenza imisebenzi yokugoqa nokutshekisa engenzeki ngamarobhothi avamile e-Two - kanye nama-axis amathathu e-Odicon.
Ukuphatha okunembe
Amarobhothi endabuko asetshenziswa i-Audi awakwazanga ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihlobene nokusebenziseka nokuphatheka.Kodwa ngamarobhothi amasha, konke kuyahamba.Izingxenye zengculaza yesimanje yokuzwa ziya ziba zincane futhi zibe zincane, ngokuvamile zikala imilimitha eyodwa kuphela.Abenzi bosizo lokuzwa bebelokhu befuna isixazululo esingamunca izingxenye ezincane esikhunjeni.Lokhu akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukwenza ngesandla.Ngokufanayo, amarobhothi "amadala" amabili - noma ama-axis amathathu, angahamba kuphela avundlile noma mpo, awakwazi ukufezwa.Uma, ngokwesibonelo, ingxenye encane ibambeka esikhunjeni, irobhothi kufanele likwazi ukuliphenya.
Ngosuku olulodwa nje, i-Audicon ifake amarobhothi endaweni yayo yokusebenzela yokubumba imisebenzi emisha.Irobhothi elisha lingagxunyekwa ngokuphephile phezu kwesikhunta somshini wokubumba umjovo, lidwebe izingxenye zepulasitiki ngohlelo lwevacuum oluklanywe ngokukhethekile, kuyilapho izingxenye ezibunjiwe eziyinkimbinkimbi ziphathwa kusetshenziswa izinsimbi zomoya.Ngenxa yomklamo walo wama-eksisi ayisithupha, irobhothi elisha liyakwazi ukulawuleka kalula futhi lingasusa ngokushesha izingxenye ezibunjweni ngokuzungezisa noma ukutshekisa.Amarobhothi amasha anomjikelezo wokusebenza wemizuzwana emine kuya kweyisikhombisa, kuye ngosayizi wokukhiqiza kanye nosayizi wezingxenye.Ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza elungiselelwe, isikhathi sokukhokha siyizinsuku ezingama-60 kuphela.
Embonini ye-Audi, irobhothi le-UR ligxunyekwe ngokuqinile emshinini wokubumba umjovo futhi lingahamba phezu kwesikhunta futhi licoshe izingxenye zepulasitiki.Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwevacuum oluklanywe ngokukhethekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izingxenye ezibucayi azonakaliswa.
Ingasebenza endaweni elinganiselwe
Embonini yase-Italian Cascina Italia, irobhothi elisebenzisanayo elisebenza kulayini wokupakisha lingagaya amaqanda ayi-15,000 ngehora.Njengoba lifakwe izinsimbi zomoya, irobhothi lingaqedela umsebenzi wokupakisha amabhokisi amaqanda ayi-10.Umsebenzi udinga ukuphatha okunembe kakhulu kanye nokubekwa ngokucophelela, njengoba ibhokisi ngalinye leqanda liqukethe izingqimba eziyi-9 zamathileyi amaqanda ayi-10.
Ekuqaleni, iCascina ibingalindele ukusebenzisa amarobhothi ukwenza umsebenzi, kodwa inkampani yamaqanda yasheshe yabona izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amarobhothi ngemva kokuwabona esebenza efektri yayo.Ezinsukwini ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye kamuva, amarobhothi amasha asebenza emigqeni yefekthri.Njengoba inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-11 kuphela, irobhothi lingakwazi ukuhamba kalula lisuka komunye umugqa wokupakisha liye komunye, okubalulekile eCascina, enosayizi abane abahlukene bemikhiqizo yamaqanda futhi edinga irobhothi ukuze likwazi ukusebenza endaweni elinganiselwe kakhulu eduze kwezisebenzi ezingabantu.
I-Cascina Italia isebenzisa irobhothi le-UR5 le-UAO Robotics ukucubungula amaqanda angu-15,000 ngehora emugqeni wayo wokupakisha ozenzakalelayo.Abasebenzi benkampani bangakwazi ukuhlela kabusha irobhothi ngokushesha futhi basebenze eduze kwalo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ucingo lokuvikela.Ngenxa yokuthi imboni ye-Cascina yayingahlelelwe ukuba ibe neyunithi eyodwa yerobhothi ezishintshayo, irobhothi eliphathwayo elikwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha phakathi kwemisebenzi lalibalulekile kumsabalalisi wamaqanda wase-Italy.
Ukuphepha kuqala
Isikhathi eside, ukuphepha bekuyiyona ndawo eshisayo kanye namandla okushayela ocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwelabhorethri yamarobhothi.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuphepha kokusebenza nabantu, isizukulwane esisha samarobhothi ezimboni siqukethe amalunga ayindilinga, amamotho ashayelwa emuva, izinzwa zamandla nezinto ezilula.
Amarobhothi emboni ye-Cascina athobelana nezidingo ezikhona zokuphepha kumkhawulo wamandla kanye ne-torque.Lapho ehlangana nezisebenzi ezingabantu, amarobhothi ahlome ngemishini yokulawula amandla anciphisa amandla okuthintwa ukuze avimbele ukulimala.Ezinhlelweni eziningi, ngemva kokuhlolwa kobungozi, lesi sici sokuphepha sivumela irobhothi ukuthi lisebenze ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvikela ukuphepha.
Gwema ukusebenza kanzima
ENkampanini Kagwayi yaseScandinavia, amarobhothi asebenzisanayo manje angasebenzisana ngokuqondile nezisebenzi ezingabantu ukuze abophe amathini kagwayi emishinini yokupakisha kagwayi.
Kugwayi waseScandinavia, irobhothi i-UR5 manje lilayisha amathini kagwayi, likhulula abasebenzi ekudlaleni okuphindaphindiwe futhi libadlulisela emisebenzini elula.Imikhiqizo yengalo emisha yenkampani ye-Youao Robot yamukelwa kahle yiwo wonke umuntu.
Amarobhothi amasha angangena esikhundleni sezisebenzi ezingabantu emisebenzini esindayo ephindaphindwayo, ekhulula isisebenzi esisodwa noma ezimbili okwakudingeka zenze umsebenzi ngesandla ngaphambili.Labo basebenzi manje sebebuyiselwe kwezinye izikhundla embonini.Njengoba singekho indawo eyanele endaweni yokupakisha efekthri yokuhlukanisa amarobhothi, ukuthunyelwa kwamarobhothi asebenzisanayo kwenza ukufakwa kube lula futhi kunciphisa izindleko.
Ugwayi waseScandinavia usungule owawo futhi wahlela ukuthi ochwepheshe bangaphakathi baqedele uhlelo lokuqala.Lokhu kuvikela ukwazi kwebhizinisi, kuqinisekisa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, futhi kugwema ukuncipha kokukhiqiza, kanye nesidingo sabaxhumanisi ababizayo abakhipha imisebenzi uma kwenzeka kuba nesixazululo se-automation.Ukugcwaliseka kokukhiqiza okwenziwe kahle kuholele abanikazi bamabhizinisi ukuthi banqume ukugcina umkhiqizo emazweni aseScandinavia lapho amaholo aphezulu.Amarobhothi amasha enkampani kagwayi anembuyiselo esikhathini sokutshala izinsuku ezingama-330.
Ukusuka kumabhodlela angama-45 ngomzuzu ukuya kumabhodlela angama-70 ngomzuzu
Abakhiqizi abakhulu nabo bangazuza kumarobhothi amasha.Embonini kaJohnson & Johnson e-Athens, eGreece, amarobhothi asebenzisanayo enze kahle kakhulu inqubo yokupakishwa kwemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezinwele nesikhumba.Ukusebenza ubusuku nemini, ingalo yerobhothi ingakwazi ukucosha amabhodlela amathathu omkhiqizo emugqeni wokukhiqiza ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo ngemizuzwana engu-2.5, Iqondise futhi iwabeke ngaphakathi komshini wokupakisha.Ukucubungula ngesandla kungafinyelela amabhodlela angu-45 ngomzuzu, uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo engu-70 ngomzuzu ngokukhiqiza okusizwa ngamarobhothi.
KwaJohnson & Johnson, abasebenzi bathanda ukusebenza nozakwabo abasha abasebenzisana nabo kangangokuba banegama lakho.I-UR5 manje isiyaziwa ngokuthi "Cleo".
Amabhodlela agezwa futhi adluliselwe ngokuphepha ngaphandle kwengozi yokuklwebheka noma ukushelela.Ubuchule berobhothi bubalulekile ngoba amabhodlela afika ngazo zonke izinhlobo nosayizi futhi amalebula awaphrintwa ohlangothini olulodwa kuyo yonke imikhiqizo, okusho ukuthi irobhothi kufanele likwazi ukubamba umkhiqizo kusukela kwesokudla nesobunxele.
Noma yimuphi umsebenzi wakwa-J&J angakwazi ukuhlela kabusha amarobhothi ukuze enze imisebenzi emisha, okonga inkampani izindleko zokuqasha abahleli bohlelo abaphuma ngaphandle.
Indlela entsha ekuthuthukisweni kwamarobhothi
Lezi ezinye zezibonelo zendlela isizukulwane esisha samarobhothi esibhekane ngayo ngempumelelo nezinselele zomhlaba wangempela amarobhothi endabuko ahlulekile ukuzixazulula esikhathini esidlule.Uma kuziwa ekuguquguqukeni kokubambisana nokukhiqizwa kwabantu, amakhono amarobhothi ezimboni zendabuko kufanele athuthukiswe cishe kuwo wonke amazinga: Ukusuka ekufakweni okungaguquki kuya endaweni ethuthekisayo, ukusuka emisebenzini ephindaphindwayo ukuya emisebenzini eshintshashintsha njalo, kusukela ekuxhumekeni kwezikhawu kuya kokuqhubekayo, kusukela ekungangeni muntu. ukusebenzisana kuya ekuhlanganyeleni njalo nabasebenzi, kusukela ekuhlukaniseni isikhala kuya ekwabelaneni ngendawo, kusukela eminyakeni yokwenza inzuzo kuya ekubuyiseni okuseduze ekutshalweni kwezimali.Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kuzoba nentuthuko eminingi entsha emkhakheni osafufusa wamarobhothi ezizohlala ishintsha indlela esisebenza ngayo kanye nokuxhumana nobuchwepheshe.
Ugwayi waseScandinavia usungule owawo futhi wahlela ukuthi ochwepheshe bangaphakathi baqedele uhlelo lokuqala.Lokhu kuvikela ukwazi kwebhizinisi, kuqinisekisa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, futhi kugwema ukuncipha kokukhiqiza, kanye nesidingo sabaxhumanisi ababizayo abakhipha imisebenzi uma kwenzeka kuba nesixazululo se-automation.Ukugcwaliseka kokukhiqiza okwenziwe kahle kuholele abanikazi bamabhizinisi ukuthi banqume ukugcina umkhiqizo emazweni aseScandinavia lapho amaholo aphezulu.Amarobhothi amasha enkampani kagwayi anembuyiselo esikhathini sokutshala izinsuku ezingama-330.
Ukusuka kumabhodlela angama-45 ngomzuzu ukuya kumabhodlela angama-70 ngomzuzu
Abakhiqizi abakhulu nabo bangazuza kumarobhothi amasha.Embonini kaJohnson & Johnson e-Athens, eGreece, amarobhothi asebenzisanayo enze kahle kakhulu inqubo yokupakishwa kwemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezinwele nesikhumba.Ukusebenza ubusuku nemini, ingalo yerobhothi ingakwazi ukucosha amabhodlela amathathu omkhiqizo emugqeni wokukhiqiza ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo ngemizuzwana engu-2.5, Iqondise futhi iwabeke ngaphakathi komshini wokupakisha.Ukucubungula ngesandla kungafinyelela amabhodlela angu-45 ngomzuzu, uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo engu-70 ngomzuzu ngokukhiqiza okusizwa ngamarobhothi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2022